射線防護(hù)門(mén)在一些醫(yī)療場(chǎng)所的應(yīng)用較為廣泛，主要用于需阻擋射線通過(guò)的進(jìn)出口，機(jī)房和礦區(qū)中。主要應(yīng)用于射線防護(hù)，其一般作用于屏蔽室、高和低能量直線加速器室、質(zhì)子治療室、放射外科治療室、CT圖像引導(dǎo)調(diào)強(qiáng)放射治療室、IMRT/IGRT室等。對(duì)保障工作人員的健康和防止射線對(duì)外擴(kuò)散而引起不必要的傷害起到了至關(guān)重要的作用。
Radiation protection door is widely used in some medical places, mainly used in the import and export, machine room and mining area which need to block the ray. It is mainly used in radiation protection. It is generally used in shielding room, high and low energy linear accelerator room, proton treatment room, radiosurgery treatment room, CT image-guided intensity-modulated radiation therapy room, IMRT / IGRT room, etc. It plays an important role in protecting the health of workers and preventing unnecessary injury caused by the external spread of radiation.
為適應(yīng)醫(yī)學(xué)檢查室的設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn)，在選擇射線防護(hù)用品的要求上也需要有針對(duì)性。如，不同的射線防護(hù)門(mén)類型就存在著較大的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)差異，為此，我們就先來(lái)了解一下射線防護(hù)門(mén)有哪些設(shè)計(jì)形式：
In order to adapt to the design characteristics of medical examination room, the requirements of selecting radiation protection equipment also need to be targeted. For example, different types of radiation protection doors have great differences in structural design. Therefore, let's first understand the design forms of radiation protection doors
一：平開(kāi)防輻射鉛門(mén)，可分為內(nèi)開(kāi)門(mén)和外開(kāi)門(mén)，門(mén)體的結(jié)構(gòu)和材料是根據(jù)放射線機(jī)的功率大小(KV)及門(mén)洞口大小來(lái)決定的，五金件為進(jìn)口專用件。
1： The structure and material of the door body are determined according to the power (kV) of the radiation machine and the size of the door opening. The hardware parts are imported special parts.
二：推拉防輻射鉛門(mén)，開(kāi)啟方向是沿著墻壁平行移動(dòng)，門(mén)體的結(jié)構(gòu)與
2： Push and pull the radiation proof lead door, and the opening direction is parallel to the wall
二：推拉防輻射鉛門(mén)，開(kāi)啟方向是沿著墻壁平行移動(dòng)，門(mén)體的結(jié)構(gòu)與材料是根據(jù)放射線機(jī)的功率大小(KV)及門(mén)洞口大小來(lái)決定的，門(mén)框結(jié)構(gòu)與平開(kāi)門(mén)結(jié)構(gòu)有所區(qū)別。
2： The opening direction of push-pull radiation proof lead door is parallel to the wall. The structure and material of the door body are determined by the power of the radiation machine (kV) and the size of the door opening. The door frame structure is different from the side door structure.
三：電動(dòng)防輻射鉛門(mén)一般適合較大的門(mén)體，由于重量較重，人力開(kāi)啟比較吃力，所以采用電動(dòng)開(kāi)啟方式。開(kāi)啟形式可分為平開(kāi)式和平移式。
3： The electric radiation proof lead door is generally suitable for larger door body. Due to its heavy weight and hard manual opening, the electric opening mode is adopted. Open form can be divided into flat open type and moving type.
鉛玻璃里面含有鉛，能夠有效的防止輻射，所以多應(yīng)用在醫(yī)院等輻射較多的地方。鉛玻璃雖然是含有氧化鉛，但是其外表看起來(lái)是透明的。只是稍微發(fā)黃色，但是并不明顯。防護(hù)玻璃一般指防X射線或γ射線或防中子的玻璃。由于物質(zhì)對(duì)放射性輻射的吸收能力隨其含有的金屬元素的原子序數(shù)的增大而提高，所以防護(hù)玻璃都含有較多量的重金屬氧化物。例如防X射線玻璃含較多量的PbO、BaO等，防γ射線的玻璃含較多量的PbO、WO3、Bi2O3等。由于γ射線的穿
Lead glass contains lead, can effectively prevent radiation, so it is widely used in hospitals and other places with more radiation. Although lead glass contains lead oxide, its appearance is transparent. It's just a little yellow, but it's not obvious. The protective glass generally refers to the glass which can prevent X-ray, gamma ray or neutron. As the absorption capacity of materials to radioactive radiation increases with the increase of atomic number of metal elements, protective glass contains more heavy metal oxides. For example, the anti X-ray glass contains more PBO and Bao, while the anti gamma ray glass contains more PbO, WO3, Bi2O3, etc. Because of the penetration of gamma rays由于γ射線的穿透能力較X射線強(qiáng)得多，所以γ射線防護(hù)玻璃的比重和鉛當(dāng)量較X射線防護(hù)玻璃高得多。
Because the penetration ability of gamma ray is much stronger than that of X-ray, the specific gravity and lead equivalent of γ - ray protective glass are much higher than that of X-ray protective glass.
鉛玻璃的主要性能在光學(xué)上是清楚的、透明的防護(hù)屏蔽而使用的一種具有規(guī)定衰減性能的低光學(xué)質(zhì)量的防護(hù)玻璃板,其衰減性能每一毫米為0.22mmpb。醫(yī)用鉛玻璃表面涂敷涂料當(dāng)時(shí)，絕關(guān)于來(lái)說(shuō)把金屬表和條件隔開(kāi)了，這種維護(hù)效果可稱為屏障效果。
The main performance of lead glass is clear and transparent in optical protection. A low optical quality protective glass plate with specified attenuation performance is used. Its attenuation performance is 0.22mmpb per millimeter. Medical lead glass surface coating, absolutely speaking, separated the metal surface and conditions, this maintenance effect can be called barrier effect.
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